“Pain management costs the world billions of dollars each year, and there are limited nonopioid options to treat people suffering from chronic pain. Opioids are excellent analgesics but are liable to abuse and fatal overdoses. This Microperspective summarizes challenges and opportunities pertaining to creating nonopioid drugs that could be used to treat chronic pain, substance abuse, fatty liver, or obesity by targeting the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1).”