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“Stressful conditions affect the brain’s neurotransmission and neural pathways that are involved in seizure susceptibility. Stress alters the intensity and/or frequency of seizures.
Although evidence indicates that chronic stress exerts proconvulsant effects and acute stress has anticonvulsant properties, the underlying mechanisms which mediate these effects are not well understood.
In the present study, we assessed the role of endogenous opioids, endocannabinoids, as well as functional interaction between opioid and cannabinoid systems in the anticonvulsant effects of acute foot-shock stress (FSS) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice.
Tag Archives: Cannabinoids
Gut microbiota, cannabinoid system and neuroimmune interactions: New perspectives in multiple sclerosis.
“The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role on the education and function of the host immune system.
Immunological dysregulation is the cause of numerous human disorders such as autoimmune diseases and metabolic disorders frequently associated with inflammatory processes therefore is critical to explore novel mechanisms involved in maintaining the immune system homeostasis.
The cannabinoid system and related bioactive lipids participate in multiple central and peripheral physiological processes that affect metabolic, gastrointestinal and neuroimmune regulatory mechanisms displaying a modulatory role and contributing to the maintenance of the organism’s homeostasis.
In this review, we gather the knowledge on the gut microbiota-endocannabinoids interactions and their impact on autoimmune disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and particularly, multiple sclerosis (MS) as the best example of a CNS autoimmune disorder.
Furthermore, we contribute to this field with new data on changes in many elements of the cannabinoid system in a viral model of MS after gut microbiota manipulation by both antibiotics and probiotics.
Finally, we highlight new therapeutic opportunities, under an integrative view, targeting the eCBS and the commensal microbiota in the context of neuroinflammation and MS.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30171835
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006295218303630
When Orexins Meet Cannabinoids: Bidirectional Functional Interactions.
“A growing body of evidence suggests the existence of biochemical and functional interactions between the endocannabinoid and orexin systems. Cannabinoid and orexin receptors have been shown to form heterodimers in agreement with the overlapping distribution of both receptors in several brain areas, and the activation of common intracellular signaling pathways, such as the MAP kinase cascade. The activation of orexin receptors induces the synthesis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol suggesting that the endocannabinoid system participates in some physiological functions of orexins. Indeed, functional interactions between these two systems have been demonstrated in several behavioral responses including nociception, reward and food intake. The present review is focused on the latest developments in cannabinoid-orexin cross-modulation and the implications of this interesting interaction.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30171834
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006295218303666
“The recent legalization of recreational marijuana use in some parts of the world, the discovery of new indications for the clinical application of 
“Therapeutic use of cannabinoids, the main active ingredients of 
“Comprehensive literature reviews of historical perspectives and evidence supporting cannabis/cannabinoids in the treatment of pain, including migraine and headache, with associated neurobiological mechanisms of pain modulation have been well described.
Most of the existing literature reports on the cannabinoids Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and 
“There is a scarcity of drugs to either prevent or properly manage chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP). Cannabis or