“Medical THC is beneficial for various conditions (especially pain relief).”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31062643
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15563650.2019.1610567?journalCode=ictx20
Cannabis Use Does Not Affect Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty.
“The self-reported use of cannabis has increased since its recent legalization in several states. The primary purpose of this study is to report total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes in patients using cannabis.
RESULTS:
No difference in length of stay was noted between the users (46.9 hours ± 15.7) and nonusers (49.3 hours ± 20.4) (P = .464). In-hospital total morphine equivalents did not differ between the 2 groups (user = 137 ± 104 mg, nonuser = 146 ± 117 mg, P = .634). Postoperative range of motion did not differ between users (128.4° ± 10.4°) and nonusers (126.9° ± 7.5°) (P = .346). No mean differences in follow-up KSS (user = 180.1 ± 24.9, nonuser = 172.0 ± 33.9, P = .106) or total change (user = 61.7 ± 32.8, nonuser = 62.7 ± 30.7, P = .852) in KSS were noted. Likewise, no significant mean differences in Veterans RAND-12 (mental component scores: user = 54.8 ± 9.3, nonuser = 55.9 ± 8.79, P = .472; physical component scores: user = 48.3 ± 9.9, nonuser = 45.8 ± 10.1, P = .145) scores were demonstrated. There were no differences in readmissions (user = 5, nonuser = 4, P = .730) or reoperations (user = 5, nonuser = 2, P = .238).
CONCLUSION:
Cannabis use does not appear to influence (adverse or beneficial) short-term outcomes in patients undergoing a primary TKA. Further studies are warranted to determine the efficacy and safety of cannabis as a constituent of multimodal pain management following TKA before endorsements can be made by orthopedic surgeons.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31072746
https://www.arthroplastyjournal.org/article/S0883-5403(19)30347-X/fulltext
Effect of Cannabis Use on HIV DNA during Suppressive ART.
“Cannabis use is frequent among people living with HIV and is associated with reduced systemic inflammation. We observed a faster HIV DNA decay during antiretroviral therapy among cannabis users, compared to no drug use. No cannabis-effect was observed on cellular HIV RNA transcription.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31074488
Gender differences in the effects of cannabidiol on ethanol binge drinking in mice.
“The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on binge drinking and evaluate potential gender-related differences.
Chronic CBD administration (30, 60 and 90 mg/kg) reduced ethanol intake in males, whereas in females a significant reduction was only achieved with the highest dose (90 mg/kg). Repeated administration with CBD (60 mg/kg) significantly reduced TH and OPRM1 in males. In addition, CBD (30 and 60 mg/kg) significantly reduced CB1 r in males. No effect was observed in females.
Taken together, these findings suggest that CBD may be of interest for treating binge-drinking patterns and that gender-related difference may affect the treatment outcome.”
Cannabidiol (CBD) reduces anxiety-related behavior in mice via an FMRP1-independent mechanism.
“Fragile X Syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder which affects intellectual, social and physical development due to mutation of the Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. The resultant loss of Fragile X mental retardation protein can be modelled by Fmr1 gene knockout (KO) in mice.
The current study investigated the behavioural effects of cannabidiol (CBD; a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid) in male Fmr1 KO mice as a preclinical model for therapeutic discovery.
Overall, acute CBD at the doses chosen did not selectively normalize behavioural abnormalities in Fmr1 KO mice, but reduced anxiety-like behaviour in both Fmr1 KO and WT mice.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31063743
“Acute cannabidiol (CBD) decreased anxiety-related behaviours in both Fmr1 knockout mice and wildtype controls in the elevated plus maze. Fmr1 KO mice were hyperlocomotive, showed fewer anxiety-related behaviours and habituated more slowly to a novel environment than controls. Acute CBD had no impact on locomotion, spatial working memory or fear-associated memory in Fmr1 knockout mice or controls.” https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305718306464?via%3Dihub
Endocannabinoid System in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type-3 and Other Autosomal-Dominant Cerebellar Ataxias: Potential Role in Pathogenesis and Expected Relevance as Neuroprotective Targets.
“Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of hereditary and progressive neurological disorders characterized by a loss of balance and motor coordination. SCAs have no cure and effective symptom-alleviating and disease-modifying therapies are not currently available. However, based on results obtained in studies conducted in murine models and information derived from analyses in post-mortem tissue samples from patients, which show notably higher levels of CB1 receptors found in different cerebellar neuronal subpopulations, the blockade of these receptors has been proposed for acutely modulating motor incoordination in cerebellar ataxias, whereas their chronic activation has been proposed for preserving specific neuronal losses. Additional studies in post-mortem tissues from SCA patients have also demonstrated elevated levels of CB2 receptors in Purkinje neurons as well as in glial elements in the granular layer and in the cerebellar white matter, with a similar profile found for endocannabinoid hydrolyzing enzymes, then suggesting that activating CB2 receptors and/or inhibiting these enzymes may also serve to develop cannabinoid-based neuroprotective therapies.”
“Dysregulation of the endocannabinoid signaling system in the cerebellum and brainstem in a transgenic mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type-3.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27717809
Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of oral cannabidiol administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy.
“Dogs in the CBD group had a significant reduction in seizure frequency, compared with the placebo group”
Endocannabinoid contributions to alcohol habits and motivation: Relevance to treatment.
“Individuals with alcohol use disorder exhibit compulsive habitual behaviors that are thought to be, in part, a consequence of chronic and persistent use of alcohol.
The endocannabinoid system plays a critical role in habit learning and in ethanol self-administration, but the role of this neuromodulatory system in the expression of habitual alcohol seeking is unknown.
Here, we investigated the role of the endocannabinoid system in established alcohol habits using contingency degradation in male C57BL/6 mice.
These results demonstrate an important role for endocannabinoid signaling in the motivation to seek ethanol, in ethanol-motivated habits, and suggest that pharmacological manipulations of endocannabinoid signaling could be effective therapeutics for treating alcohol use disorder.”
Using Cannabis to Treat Cancer-Related Pain.
“OBJECTIVE: To describe which cannabinoids and terpenes are effective for treating pain.
CONCLUSION: Cannabis and cannabinoid medicines, as modulators of the endocannabinoid system, offer novel therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer-related pain, not only for patients who do not respond to conventional therapies, but also for patients who prefer to try cannabis as a first treatment option.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Understanding the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoids, terpenes, routes of administration, potential drug interactions, clinical implications, and potential side effects ensures nurses can better assist patients who use cannabis for the treatment of cancer pain.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31053395
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749208119300609?via%3Dihub
Cannabidiol attenuates aggressive behavior induced by social isolation in mice: Involvement of 5-HT1A and CB1 receptors.
“Long-term single housing increases aggressive behavior in mice, a condition named isolation-induced aggression or territorial aggression, which can be attenuated by anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antipsychotic drugs.
Preclinical and clinical findings indicate that cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa, has anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antipsychotic properties. Few studies, however, have investigated the effects of CBD on aggressive behaviors.
Here, we investigated whether CBD (5, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg; i.p.) could attenuate social isolation-induced aggressive behavior in the resident-intruder test.
Taken together, our findings suggest that CBD may be therapeutically useful to treat aggressive behaviors that are usually associated with psychiatric disorders.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31054943
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584618308340?via%3Dihub