Category Archives: THC (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol)

The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination on damage, inflammation and in vitro motility disturbances in rat colitis

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“Cannabis is taken as self-medication by patients with inflammatory bowel disease for symptomatic relief.

Cannabinoid receptor agonists decrease inflammation in animal models of colitis, but their effects on the disturbed motility is not known. (-)-Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to interact with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in behavioural studies, but it remains to be established if these cannabinoids interact in vivo in inflammatory disorders.

Therefore the effects of CBD and THC alone and in combination were investigated in a model of colitis…

In this model of colitis, THC and CBD not only reduced inflammation but also lowered the occurrence of functional disturbances. Moreover the combination of CBD and THC could be beneficial therapeutically, via additive or potentiating effects.

As the two phytocannabinoids modulate the immune system and differ in their pharmacological profile, their combination could be more beneficial than either drug alone. Additionally CBD could not only potentiate the therapeutic effects of THC, but also attenuate some of its undesirable effects…”

 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2931570/

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/colitis/

Medical marijuana for cancer.

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“Marijuana has been used for centuries, and interest in its medicinal properties has been increasing in recent years. Investigations into these medicinal properties has led to the development of cannabinoid pharmaceuticals such as dronabinol, nabilone, and nabiximols.

Dronabinol is best studied in the treatment of nausea secondary to cancer chemotherapy and anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for those indications.

Nabilone has been best studied for the treatment of nausea secondary to cancer chemotherapy. There are also limited studies of these drugs for other conditions.

Nabiximols is only available in the United States through clinical trials, but is used in Canada and the United Kingdom for the treatment of spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis and pain.

Studies of marijuana have concentrated on nausea, appetite, and pain.

This article will review the literature regarding the medical use of marijuana and these cannabinoid pharmaceuticals (with emphasis on indications relevant to oncology)”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25503438

“Both cannabis and cannabinoid pharmaceuticals can be helpful for a number of problems, including many affecting patients with cancer… given the limitations inherent in using oral medications to treat nausea and vomiting, inhalation of marijuana or a cannabinoid may be better than oral ingestion in treating this condition.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/caac.21260/full

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/cancer/

Association Between Marijuana Exposure and Pulmonary Function over 20 Years

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TU Dublin Kevin St Library: New: American Medical Association journals (JAMA) collection now available via IReL“Occasional and low cumulative marijuana use was not associated with adverse effects on pulmonary function.

Marijuana may have beneficial effects on pain control, appetite, mood, and management of other chronic symptoms.

Our findings suggest that occasional use of marijuana for these or other purposes may not be associated with adverse consequences on pulmonary function.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840897/

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1104848

“A common misconception about medical marijuana is that if inhaled, it will have detrimental effects on the patient’s lungs. However, according to a 2012 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), this notion is simply untrue; in fact, this study points to an idea quite the opposite: that medical marijuana just might improve lung health under certain conditions.” HTTPS://AGRIMEDINDUSTRIES.COM/2018/06/08/STUDY-SHOWS-MARIJUANA-HAS-A-POSITIVE-IMPACT-ON-LUNG-HEALTH-UNDER-CERTAIN-CONDITIONS/

Neural Effects of Cannabinoid CB1 Neutral Antagonist Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCv) on Food Reward and Aversion in Healthy Volunteers.

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“Disturbances in the regulation of reward and aversion in the brain may underlie disorders such as obesity and eating disorders.

We previously showed that the cannabis receptor (CB1) inverse agonist rimonabant, an anti-obesity drug withdrawn due to depressogenic side effects, diminished neural reward responses yet increased aversive responses. Unlike rimonabant, tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCv) is a neutral CB1 receptor antagonist and may therefore produce different modulations of the neural reward system…

Conclusions: Our findings are the first to show that treatment with the CB1 neutral antagonist THCv increases neural responding to rewarding and aversive stimuli.

This effect profile suggests therapeutic activity in obesity, perhaps with a lowered risk of depressive side effects.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25542687

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/obesity-2/

Neuroprotection in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis by Cannabis-Based Cannabinoids.

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“Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the major immune-mediated, demyelinating, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system.

Compounds within cannabis, notably Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) can limit the inappropriate neurotransmissions that cause MS-related problems and medicinal cannabis is now licenced for the treatment of MS symptoms.

However, the biology indicates that the endocannabinoid system may offer the potential to control other aspects of disease.

… we and others can experimentally demonstrate that they may limit neurodegeneration that drives progressive disability.

Here we show that synthetic cannabidiol can slow down the accumulation of disability from the inflammatory penumbra during relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in ABH mice, possibly via blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels.

In addition, whilst non-sedating doses of Δ9-THC do not inhibit relapsing autoimmunity, they dose-dependently inhibit the accumulation of disability during EAE. They also appear to slow down clinical progression during MS in humans…

… demonstrated a significant slowing of progression by oral Δ9-THC compared to placebo.

Whilst this may support the experimental and biological evidence for a neuroprotective effect by the endocannabinoid system in MS, it remains to be established whether this will be formally demonstrated in further trials of Δ9-THC/cannabis in progressive MS.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25537576

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/experimental-autoimmune-encephalomyelitis/

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/multiple-sclerosis-ms/

[Potential applications of marijuana and cannabinoids in medicine]

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“Cannabinoids, psychoactive substances present in cannabis, have been known to mankind for hundreds of years.

Apart from 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) substances found in the cannabis herb with the highest toxicological value are cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN).

The discovery of CB1 and CB2 receptors, located in various tissues (ranging from the brain to peripheral tissues), has defined the potential objective of these new chemical substances’ effects.

Many studies on the application of cannabinoids in the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, neoplasms, inflammatory diseases, neurological conditions, pain and vomitting were conducted.

Drugs containing e.g. THC appear on the pharmaceutical market.

Substances affecting cannabinoid receptors may show beneficial effects…”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25518584

 

 

Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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“Cannabinoids (CBs) show promise as neuroprotectants with some agents already licensed in humans for other conditions. We systematically reviewed CBs in preclinical stroke to guide further experimental protocols…

Cannabinoids reduced infarct volume in transient and permanent ischemia and in all subclasses: endocannabinoids, CB1/CB2 ligands, CB2 ligands, cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and HU-211. Early and late neuroscores significantly improved with CB use…

Overall, CBs significantly reduced infarct volume and improve functional outcome in experimental stroke.”

 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25492113

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/stroke-2/

The antinociceptive effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the arthritic rat.

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“Our study addressed the hypothesis that spinal release of endogenous opioids underlies Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta9-THC)-induced antinociception in Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritic and nonarthritic rats…

Our results indicate that morphine or Delta9-THC is equally potent and efficacious in both nonarthritic and arthritic rats.

Delta9-THC-induced antinociception…

We hypothesize that the elevated idyn A level in arthritic rats contributes to hyperalgesia by interaction with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, and that Delta9-THC induces antinociception by decreasing idyn A release.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15189765

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/arthritis/

The antinociceptive effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the arthritic rat involves the CB(2) cannabinoid receptor.

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“Cannabinoid CB(2) receptors have been implicated in antinociception in animal models of both acute and chronic pain.

We evaluated the role both cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptors in mechanonociception in non-arthritic and arthritic rats.

The antinociceptive effect of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)THC) was determined…

Our results indicate that the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor plays a critical role in cannabinoid-mediated antinociception, particularly in models of chronic inflammatory pain.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17588560

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/arthritis/

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/pain-2/

Cannabinoids and muscular pain. Effectiveness of the local administration in rat.

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“Pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders can be difficult to control and the incorporation of new approaches for its treatment is an interesting challenge.

Activation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors decreases nociceptive transmission in acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain states…

Our results provide evidence that both, CB 1 and CB 2 receptors can contribute to muscular antinociception and, interestingly, suggest that the local administration of CB agonists could be a new and useful pharmacological strategy in the treatment of muscular pain, avoiding adverse effects induced by systemic administration.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22354705

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/pain-2/