“Rationale: Between periods of use, chronic cannabis consumers may display residual effects on selective cognitive functions, particularly memory and attention. Whether there are comparable deficits in real-world behaviors, such as driving, has not been thoroughly examined.

Objectives: The current study explored the association between driving simulator performance, cannabis use history, and demographic factors after ≥ 48 h of abstinence. Study I examined simulator performance across a broad range of use within 191 healthy cannabis users. Study II compared performance between participants with the highest cannabis use intensity and a non-cannabis-using comparison group.

Methods: In Study I, 191 healthy cannabis users completed a 25-minute simulated drive, following ≥ 48 h of abstinence. In Study II, a pilot study comprising a subset of 18 frequent cannabis users was compared to 12 non-using controls who completed identical driving measures in a separate study. In both studies, the main outcome was the Composite Drive Score (CDS), a global measure of driving performance comprising key driving-related variables, including standard deviation of lateral position.

Results: In Study I, there was no relationship between CDS, its subtests, measures of cannabis use history, or demographic variables (all ps > 0.10). In Study II, frequent cannabis users and the non-using comparison group did not differ on CDS or performance on its subtests (all ps > 0.40).

Conclusions: The current study did not find evidence of a residual effect of cannabis on simulated driving performance during a short period of cannabis abstinence. Future studies would benefit from inclusion of larger non-cannabis-using comparison groups.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40913146/

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-025-06880-1

“This study evaluated the effects of dietary cannabidiol (CBD) supplementation on behavior, blood parameters, oxidative status, metabolomic profile, and the fatty acid composition of meat and liver in rabbits.

A total of 42 New Zealand White × California rabbits (60 days old; 1:1 sex ratio; average weight 1621.3 ± 46.2 g) were randomly assigned to two groups (a control group, CTRL, and a CBD group, n = 21 each). Both groups received the same commercial diet, with the CBD group additionally supplemented with 0.1 mL of cannabis extract in coconut oil, corresponding to 10 mg CBD/animal/day. At 92 days of age, rabbits were slaughtered, and samples were collected for analyses.

Results showed that CBD supplementation significantly improved body weight gain, reduced plasma triglyceride levels, and enhanced oxidative status.

Behavioral observations indicated increased motor and grooming activities in CBD-supplemented animals, suggesting enhanced psychological well-being. The fatty acid profile of meat and liver was not significantly altered by CBD supplementation.

Overall, dietary CBD demonstrated the potential to positively influence physiological and behavioral responses, representing a promising strategy to enhance animal welfare and productivity in rabbit farming. Although no adverse effects on lipid profiles were observed, further studies are warranted to explore CBD’s role in lipid metabolism and cholesterol regulation.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40905739/

“Animal health and welfare are essential for ethical farming and high-quality food production. This study evaluated the effects of dietary cannabidiol (CBD) supplementation on behavior, some blood parameters, and fatty acid composition in meat and liver of rabbits. CBD is gaining attention for its pharmacological properties and its role in the endocannabinoid system. The results suggest that CBD supplementation can influence behavioral and physiological responses in rabbits, offering potential benefits for both animal welfare and meat quality.”

https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/8/759

“Cannabidiol (CBD) is an abundant phytocannabinoid extracted from Cannabis sativa L., along with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Plant-derived, highly purified CBD oral solution (100 mg/mL) is approved as Epidiolex^® in the United States and as Epidyolex^® in Europe for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, or tuberous sclerosis complex with country-specific labels.

CBD appears to reduce the neuronal hyperexcitability through a multimodal mechanism of action, although the precise mechanism remains unknown. Notably, unlike delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, CBD has low affinity for the euphoria-inducing cannabinoid receptor type 1 therefore lacks euphoric effects.

Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated a low abuse and dependence potential, as well as an absence of withdrawal syndrome of CBD.

Despite the lack of abuse potential for CBD, there are concerns related to cannabis and consequently cannabis-derived pharmaceutical products in Japan. Plant-derived, highly purified CBD is currently under investigation for the treatment of drug-resistant seizures in Japanese patients with early-onset epilepsies (jRCT2031220041).

This narrative review aims to update healthcare professionals in Japan with results from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the abuse and dependence potentials of CBD.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40887246/

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yakushi/145/9/145_25-00086/_article/-char/ja/

“Evidence supporting the clinical use of neuroprotective drugs for cerebral ischemia remains limited. Spatial and temporal disorientation, along with cognitive dysfunction, are among the most prominent long-term consequences of hippocampal neurodegeneration following cerebral ischemia.

Cannabigerol (CBG), a non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in experimental models of cerebral injury.

This study investigated the neuroprotective mechanisms of CBG in mitigating memory impairments caused by transient global cerebral ischemia in C57BL/6 mice using the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model.

Mice underwent sham or BCCAO surgeries and received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of either a vehicle or CBG (1, 5, or 10 mg/Kg), starting 1 h post-surgery and continuing daily for 7 days. Spatial memory performance and depression-like behaviors were assessed using the object location test (OLT) and tail suspension test (TST), respectively. Additional analyses examined neuronal degeneration, neuroinflammation, and neuronal plasticity markers in the hippocampus.

CBG attenuated ischemia-induced memory deficits, reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus, and enhanced neuronal plasticity.

These findings suggest that CBG’s neuroprotective effects against BCCAO-induced memory impairments may be mediated by reductions in neuroinflammation and modifications in neuroplasticity within the hippocampus.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40869376/

“CBG Improves Memory Impairment Induced by BCCAO in Mice.”

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/16/8056

“Phytocannabinoids, unique secondary metabolites of the plant Cannabis sativa L., are characterised by a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and their use in medicine and food industry has increased exponentially in recent years.

In this study, the bioavailability of 10 representatives of neutral cannabinoids and cannabinoid acids was evaluated using an in vitro model of Caco-2 cells, as well as in vivo using an inbred mouse model. In the context of a possible increase in bioavailability, the influence of matrix components associated with the ‘cannabis synergy’ phenomenon was also investigated. The analysis of cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid matrix components was performed using a sensitive and validated method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS). As a proof of concept for testing formulation effects on bioavailability, the most abundant cannabinoid and its corresponding acid (CBD and CBDA) were encapsulated in nanomicelles and the effect of the formulation was tested both in vitro and in vivo.

The experiments showed that cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) had a significantly better bioavailability compared to cannabidiol (CBD), especially in the in vivo model (CBDA concentrations in mouse plasma were approximately two orders of magnitude higher than those of CBD under the same dosing conditions).

These results demonstrate the great potential of CBDA as a previously overlooked and therapeutically underutilized substance.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40858181/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378517325009470?via%3Dihub

“Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa), commonly known as hemp, is widely recognized for its diverse range of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential in medicinal, industrial, and nutritional applications.

This study investigates the use of adventitious roots (ARs) derived from C. sativa as a scalable platform for producing bioactive metabolites with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.

We first isolated extracts from C. sativa ARs (CS-AR) using various solvents: methanol (MeOH-E), chloroform (CHCl₃-E), and hexane (Hexane-E), and explored their effects on dendritic cell (DC) maturation, a key process involved in immune responses.

Notably, MeOH-E demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects without inducing cytotoxicity in DCs, distinguishing it from the other extracts. Metabolomic analysis of these extracts annotated the presence of cannabinoid derivatives and metabolites, including cannabinoid glycoside derivatives, cannabigerolic acid-O-acetate (CBGA-O-acetate), cannabidiol diacetate derivatives, and cannabidiol mono-acetate mono-benzoate. Among these, cannabinoid glycoside derivatives and CBGA-O-acetate were found to be present at higher levels in MeOH-E.

Further investigation into the functional properties of MeOH-E revealed that it could suppress the expression of key surface molecules and antigen-presenting ability in mature DCs, alongside attenuating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways as well as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling. Additionally, MeOH-E inhibited T cell proliferation and activation.

These findings underscore the CS-AR system as a promising, reproducible biotechnological platform for producing therapeutic bioactive compounds for inflammatory diseases, with significant potential for application in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40847038/

“Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa), commonly referred to as hemp, has been utilized for centuries in the medicinal, industrial, and nutritional domains, primarily owing to its broad spectrum of bioactive compounds^1,2. Its various plant parts including roots, stems, leaves, and flowers possess distinct biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, thus, positioning C. sativa as a versatile resource in diverse applications.”

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-16130-1