Category Archives: THC (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol)

Effects of Cannabinoids on T-cell Function and Resistance to Infection.

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“This review examines the effects of cannabinoids on immune function, with a focus on effects on T-cells, as well as on resistance to infection. The paper considers the immune modulating capacity of marijuana, of ∆9-THC extracted from the marijuana plant, and synthetic cannabinoids…

The overall conclusion of the studies discussed in this review is that cannabinoids that bind to the CB2 receptor, including ∆9-THC and CB2 selective agonists are immunosuppressive.

The studies provide objective evidence for potentially beneficial effects of marijuana and ∆9-THC on the immune system in conditions where it is desirable to dampen immune responses.

An emerging area of investigation that is reviewed is evidence to support the conclusion that CB2 selective agonists are a new class of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory compounds that may have exceptional beneficial effects in a variety of conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and graft rejection, where it is desirable to dampen the immune response without psychoactive effects.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25876735

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/autoimmune-disease/

Cannabis and cardiotoxicity.

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“Cannabis is the most commonly consumed illicit drug… Despite the drug’s extreme popularity, reports of cannabis-related stroke and myocardial infarction are so rare as to still be reportable… The observation that cardiotoxicity has never been reported in cancer patients taking dronabinol, the synthetic form of THC, tends to suggest that animal studies may have overstated the cardiovascular risk,” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25868498

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/cardiovascular-disease/

Sequence heterogeneity of cannabidiolic- and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-synthase in Cannabis sativa L. and its relationship with chemical phenotype.

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“Sequence variants of THCA- and CBDA-synthases were isolated from different Cannabis sativa L. strains expressing various wild-type and mutant chemical phenotypes (chemotypes). Expressed and complete sequences were obtained from mature inflorescences. Each strain was shown to have a different specificity and/or ability to convert the precursor CBGA into CBDA and/or THCA type products. The comparison of the expressed sequences led to the identification of different mutations, all of them due to SNPs. These SNPs were found to relate to the cannabinoid composition of the inflorescence at maturity and are therefore proposed to have a functional significance. The amount of variation was found to be higher within the CBDAS sequence family than in the THCAS family, suggesting a more recent evolution of THCA-forming enzymes from the CBDAS group. We therefore consider CBDAS as the ancestral type of these synthases.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25865737

Gonadal hormones do not alter the development of antinociceptive tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in adult rats.

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“The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex differences in the development of antinociceptive tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are due to activational effects of gonadal hormones…

These results suggest that greater antinociceptive tolerance in females, which occurred despite females receiving 40% less THC than males, is not due to activational effects of gonadal hormones.”

The multidrug transporter ABCG2 (BCRP) is inhibited by plant-derived cannabinoids.

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“Multiple drug resistance (MDR) is one of the principal causes of chemotherapeutic treatment failure in malignant disease…

Cannabinoids are used therapeutically for the palliation of the adverse side effects associated with cancer chemotherapy. However, cannabinoids also inhibit both the activity and expression of the multidrug transporter…

Cannabinoids are novel Abcg2/ABCG2 inhibitors, reversing the Abcg2-mediated multidrug-resistant phenotype in vitro. This finding may have implications for the co-administration of cannabinoids with pharmaceuticals that are ABCG2 substrates…

Cannabis and cannabinoid preparations are used as therapeutic agents.

One of the many applications of cannabinoids is in the palliation of cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting and anorexia. Indeed, the commercial preparations, Marinol and Cesamet, containing the synthetic Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) analogue, dronabinol (or nabilone), are approved in some countries for this use.

Interestingly, in the future, cannabinoids might be co-administered with conventional cancer chemotherapies not only in a palliative capacity but also as primary anticancer medications. Accordingly, cannabinoids have demonstrated antiproliferative actions on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo…

To conclude, this is the first study to address the interaction of cannabinoids with the multidrug transporter ABCG2/Abcg2. The results presented here indicate that plant-derived cannabinoids are a novel class of ABCG2/Abcg2 inhibitors. Our results may have important implications for the use of cannabinoid compounds with therapeutic drugs that are substrates for ABCG2.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2190019/

A sativex-like combination of phytocannabinoids as a disease-modifying therapy in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

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“Sativex® is an oromucosal spray, containing equivalent amounts of Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)-botanical drug substance (BDS), and which has been approved for the treatment of spasticity and pain associated to multiple sclerosis (MS).

In this study, we investigated whether Sativex® may also serve as a disease-modifying agent in the Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus induced demyelinating disease model of MS…

The data support the therapeutic potential of Sativex® to slow MS progression and its relevance in CNS repair.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25857324

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/multiple-sclerosis-ms/

 

Efficacy of Inhaled Cannabis on Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.

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“A randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled crossover study was conducted in 16 patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy to assess the short-term efficacy and tolerability of inhaled cannabis.

In a cross-over design, each participant was exposed to a single dosing session of placebo, low (1% tetrahydrocannabinol, THC), medium (4% THC), or high (7% THC) doses of cannabis…

This small, short-term, placebo-controlled trial of inhaled cannabis demonstrated a dose dependent reduction in diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain in patients with treatment-refractory pain.

This adds preliminary evidence to support further research on the efficacy of the cannabinoids in neuropathic pain.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25843054

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/neuropathic-pain/

Reduction by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the blood pressure of hypertensive rats bearing regenerated adrenal glands

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“A suspension of (−)-Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) was administered daily for one week by i.p. injection to female rats showing the syndrome of adrenal regeneration hypertension (ARH)…

The findings indicate that Δ9-THC, at a moderate dose for the rat, is capable of lowering the blood pressure in rats suffering from adrenal regeneration hypertension and that chronic administration of Δ9-THC does not appear to stimulate the pituitary-adrenal axis, in contrast to reported effects of acute administration.”

 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1776093/

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/

Propagation through alginate encapsulation of axillary buds of Cannabis sativa L. — an important medicinal plant

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“Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) is an important medicinal plant well known for its pharmacologic and therapeutic potency…

These plants are selected to be used in mass cultivation for the production of biomass as a starting material for the isolation of THC as a bulk active pharmaceutical.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3550375/

http://www.thctotalhealthcare.com/category/thc-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/