Therapeutic potential of cannabinoid medicines.

Drug Testing and Analysis

“Cannabis was extensively used as a medicine throughout the developed world in the nineteenth century but went into decline early in the twentieth century ahead of its emergence as the most widely used illicit recreational drug later that century. Recent advances in cannabinoid pharmacology alongside the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) have re-ignited interest in cannabis-based medicines.

The ECS has emerged as an important physiological system and plausible target for new medicines. Its receptors and endogenous ligands play a vital modulatory role in diverse functions including immune response, food intake, cognition, emotion, perception, behavioural reinforcement, motor co-ordination, body temperature, wake/sleep cycle, bone formation and resorption, and various aspects of hormonal control. In disease it may act as part of the physiological response or as a component of the underlying pathology.

In the forefront of clinical research are the cannabinoids delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, and their contrasting pharmacology will be briefly outlined. The therapeutic potential and possible risks of drugs that inhibit the ECS will also be considered. This paper will then go on to review clinical research exploring the potential of cannabinoid medicines in the following indications: symptomatic relief in multiple sclerosis, chronic neuropathic pain, intractable nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite and weight in the context of cancer or AIDS, psychosis, epilepsy, addiction, and metabolic disorders.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24006213

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1529/abstract

Protective effect of cannabidiol against cadmium hepatotoxicity in rats.

“The protective effect of cannabidiol, the non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, against liver toxicity induced by a single dose of cadmium chloride was investigated in rats…

 It was concluded that cannabidiol may represent a potential option to protect the liver tissue from the detrimental effects of cadmium toxicity.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23993482

Neuroprotection and reduction of glial reaction by cannabidiol treatment after sciatic nerve transection in neonatal rats.

“The clinical use of neurotrophic factors is difficult due to side effects and elevated costs, but other molecules might be effective and more easily obtained. Among them, some are derived from Cannabis sativa.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is the major non-psychotropic component found on the surface of such plant leaves.

The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of CBD…

The present results show that CBD possesses neuroprotective characteristics that may, in turn, be promising for future clinical use.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23981015

Cannabis with high cannabidiol content is associated with fewer psychotic experiences.

“An increasing number of authors identify cannabidiol, another component of the cannabis plant, as an antipsychotic agent. The objective of the current study is to investigate the role of cannabidiol content in the association between cannabis use and psychiatric symptoms in a large non-clinical population of cannabis users…

CONCLUSION:

Although the observed effects are subtle, using high cannabidiol content cannabis was associated with significantly lower degrees of psychotic symptoms providing further support for the antipsychotic potential of cannabidiol.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21592732

Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals.

“Cannabis is a complex plant, with major compounds such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, which have opposing effects. The discovery of its compounds has led to the further discovery of an important neurotransmitter system called the endocannabinoid system.

This system is widely distributed in the brain and in the body, and is considered to be responsible for numerous significant functions.

There has been a recent and consistent worldwide increase in cannabis potency, with increasing associated health concerns. A number of epidemiological research projects have shown links between dose-related cannabis use and an increased risk of development of an enduring psychotic illness. However, it is also known that not everyone who uses cannabis is affected adversely in the same way.

What makes someone more susceptible to its negative effects is not yet known, however there are some emerging vulnerability factors, ranging from certain genes to personality characteristics.

 In this article we first provide an overview of the biochemical basis of cannabis research by examining the different effects of the two main compounds of the plant and the endocannabinoid system, and then go on to review available information on the possible factors explaining variation of its effects upon different individuals.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983983

Family: medical marijuana could help son with rare disease

 “”Everybody loves Charlie,” boasted father, Eric Byrd,”he’s just always smiling, it’s his personality, he just glows.”

Charlie Byrd looks like every little five-year-old boy and has a smile that will melt your heart. But Charlie is in a dangerous battle for his life against a rare, and even deadly, form of epilepsy called “Dravet Syndrome.”

“He keeps smiling and he doesn’t even know that he’s sick,” said Crystal Byrd, Charlie’s mother, through tears.

The Byrds say the first seizure happened when Charlie was just a few months old, the second came just a few months later when he was six months old. From there the hospital trips added up, as did the pain and the seizures.

“We quit counting, it had become a little hard to deal with,” stated Charlie’s mom.

The Byrds have given their only son everything they can find.

“We’ve tried numerous therapies, medicines, and nothing’s ever worked,” said Eric Byrd, “Today, he’s on four different types of anti-epileptic drugs. This morning he had two seizures in his sleep.”

The West Liberty family even started the young boy on medicine from other countries after doing research. Along the way they connected with other families with children battling “Dravet Syndrome.”

One case stands above the rest. Crystal Byrd pointed to a girl in Colorado who seems to have found a strong remedy, “The child went from 300 seizures to one a week, and sometimes the one-a-week doesn’t even come.”

The medicine, though, is only legal in 19 states and Kentucky isn’t one of them.

“It was the medical marijuana, the CBDs,” answered Crystal.

CBD, or cannabidiol, isn’t like other forms of marijuana, as Crystal explained, she’s not giving her son a cigarette. Instead, she said it can come in the form of an oil or even pill.

“He won’t be high from it, it doesn’t have the taboo marijuana association with it,” she said.

Still, the topic of legalizing marijuana even in medical cases has been, at times, controversial. Yet, it is on the table for politicians to consider in a Wednesday meeting in Frankfort. According to the agenda, advocates for medicinal marijuana, patients, doctors, and even a former narcotics officer will speak before a committee of state lawmakers.

The Byrds are anxious. They say if medical marijuana isn’t allowed, then they might be looking to move to a state that does allow it, like Colorado.

“I can see through conservatory, but I mean how can you look at him and not want to give him a chance?” asked Crystal Byrd.”

http://www.wkyt.com/home/headlines/Family-medical-marijuana-could-help-son-with-rare-disease-220452801.html

Marijuana stops child’s severe seizures

 

“Saundra Young of CNN.com delved into the heated debate of medical marijuana and children, in her story about a little girl who has a rare, and severe form of epilepsy called Dravet Syndrome. While the debate continues, the pro-legalization side may have won a small victory in the form of Charlotte Figi, 6, who was given her life back by marijuana…

Desperate for a treatment, Charlotte’s father Matt searched the Internet and eventually found a boy with a similar case in which medical marijuana helped his seizures. The Figi’s turned to the Stanley brothers, one of Colorado’s largest marijuana growers and dispensary owners, for help.

“These six brothers were crossbreeding a strain of marijuana low in THC, the compound in marijuana that’s psychoactive, and high in CBD, which has medicinal properties but no psychoactivity,” writes Young. But the Stanley brothers didn’t know what to do with this particular strain, as no one seemed to want to buy it. Then they met Charlotte.

The first time Charlotte tried a small dose of cannabis oil, the results were astounding:

“When she didn’t have those three, four seizures that first hour, that was the first sign,” Paige recalled. “And I thought well, ‘Let’s go another hour, this has got to be a fluke.'”

The Stanley brothers started the Realm of Caring Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides this particular strain of medical marijuana to adults and children suffering from a host of diseases. The strain used by Charlotte and 41 other patients is affectionately called Charlotte’s Web.

Charlotte’s seizures stopped for seven days after her first dose and today she is eating, and walking on her own — even riding a bike, her parents say. Charlotte gets a dose of the cannabis oil twice a day in her food and her seizures are down to 2 to 3 per month.

“I literally see Charlotte’s brain making connections that haven’t been made in years,” Matt said. “My thought now is, why were we the ones that had to go out and find this cure? This natural cure? How come a doctor didn’t know about this? How come they didn’t make me aware of this?”

Read the full article on CNN.com.”

More: http://www.philly.com/philly/health/Marijuana_stops_childs_severe_seizures.html

Modesto, Calif. dad turns to medical marijuana to save son

“Jason David from Modesto chronicles the ups and downs with his 6-year-old son Jayden, who was diagnosed with Dravet syndrome, on a Facebook page called Jason and Jayden’s Journey.” https://www.facebook.com/jasonandjaydensjourney

“Jayden was diagnosed with Dravet, a rare form of epilepsy, when he was a baby. Since then, he has had seizures preventing him from walking, playing and living life.

“At one point Jayden had seizures 24 hours a day lasting an hour and a half,” David said. “I went to my doctor and said, ‘I don’t think Jayden is going to last, he can’t sleep, can’t eat, he hasn’t used the restroom, he can’t do anything.'” 

David said his son has been taken away in an ambulance more than 40 times. He’s also taken 22 pills a day — 12 different kinds and none of them worked.

David said it got so bad that he wanted to kill himself and put a gun to his head.

But now, those thoughts are long gone.

As a last resort, David turned to medical marijuana. Specifically, a liquid form that contains a component known as CBD.

Jayden’s pediatrician prescribes it to Jayden and says the liquid form maintains medicinal qualities, while giving less of a high.

Jayden has been getting a few drops a day for the past two years and David said it’s been a remarkable difference.

Jayden is the most independent he’s ever been. He plays well, can walk and give his dad high fives, David said.

“(The) first day I gave him medical marijuana, thank God. (It was) the first day he went seizure free in his life,”he said.

David said he wants to share his story to help other parents in the same situation.

He says parents need to educate themselves and do what’s right for their own children.

The father and son have been featured in numerous articles and television shows. Jason and Jayden will be featured as a small piece in a special about medical marijuana with Dr. Sanjay Gupta that airs Sunday on CNN.

Jayden’s pediatrician said he is seeing more children with autism and seizures who are benefiting from medical marijuana.

The doctor admits not a lot of studies have been done on medicinal marijuana, which is why doctors across the board may have differing opinions.

However, doctors at the University of California-San Francisco are now studying the affects the CBD component in medical marijuana has on epileptic children.”

http://www.kcra.com/news/modesto-calif-dad-turns-to-medical-marijuana-to-save-son/-/11797728/21403126/-/item/0/-/12mmupr/-/index.html

Dad says marijuana saved his 6-year-old son’s life – msn

“”Miraculous” stories from people who say medical marijuana helped them when all else failed keep rolling in.”

Still of father and son who were saved by THC - via KCRA, http://aka.ms/dope-cure

“The latest? A 6-year-old boy from Modesto, Calif., named Jayden David. Just like a young girl in Colorado, he suffers from a rare form of epilepsy called Dravet Syndrome. The disorder gave Jayden seizures so severe and frequent, he couldn’t walk, play or do much of anything. He often had to be rushed to the hospital by ambulance. Doctors prescribed as many as 22 pills a day. Nothing worked. “At one point Jayden had seizures 24 hours a day lasting an hour and a half,” his father, Jason David, told local station KCRA. “I went to my doctor and said, ‘I don’t think Jayden is going to last. He can’t sleep, can’t eat. He hasn’t used the restroom. He cant do anything.'”

With no alternate options, the doctor prescribed a liquid form of cannabis called CBD, which gives less of a high. It was the first day of his entire life that Jayden went seizure-free. In the two years since, he’s taken CBD daily and now walks, plays and laughs happily. Jason credits medical marijuana with saving his son’s life — and says he’s speaking out now to help other parents with children in Jayden’s situation. “How can I not tell people, ‘Hey, save your children’s lives?'” he asks.”

http://now.msn.com/jayden-david-6-was-saved-by-medical-marijuana-dad-says

Pot is good for you? Marijuana fights the superbugs